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                  <text>Attitudinal Barriers Around Doctors with Disabilities </text>
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                  <text>When medical students and doctors with disabilities do make it to workplaces after jumping through various hoops and democratic processes, they find themsleves facing attitudinal barriers from their colleagues and other personel which makes it difficult for them to achieve maximum integration into their environment and impede theire success in the workplace and beyond. The artifacts included in this collection illuminate these barriers succintly.</text>
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                  <text>Mahvish Nazar </text>
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                <text>Impossible Standards to Live Up To</text>
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                <text>&lt;div class="primary-cli cli cli-text "&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The lack of disability awareness in schools coupled with unrealistic expectations to be “superhuman” in clinical settings create a rat race that doctors say is untenable — for everyone. For those who finish medical school and postgraduate training, the belief is that if they managed to do it, everyone else should be expected to as well.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;During Cejas’s neurology training program, a now disabled physician, there were several months when she was required to work a 14-hour shift for six consecutive nights. This can be seen in the picture attached below.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;/div&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“It’s impossible to live up to that standard, whether you are disabled or not,” she said. “I’m thinking about how one of my friends in residency who got a kidney stone because she was holding her urine for too long. That’s something that happens all the time.” &lt;/strong&gt;(Lu, 2021)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>Wendy Lu </text>
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                <text>Lu, W. (2021, July 22). Disabled Doctors Were Called Too ‘Weak’ To Be In Medicine. It’s Hurting The Entire System. From Huffpost: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/disabled-doctors-medicine-ableism_n_60f86967e4b0ca689fa560dc </text>
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                <text>Mahvish Nazar </text>
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                  <text>Attitudinal Barriers Around Doctors with Disabilities </text>
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                  <text>When medical students and doctors with disabilities do make it to workplaces after jumping through various hoops and democratic processes, they find themsleves facing attitudinal barriers from their colleagues and other personel which makes it difficult for them to achieve maximum integration into their environment and impede theire success in the workplace and beyond. The artifacts included in this collection illuminate these barriers succintly.</text>
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                  <text>Mahvish Nazar </text>
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                <text>Systems of Surveillance or Systems of Support?</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Systems of oppression are pervasive, interlocking and inform one another in all fields of life. Similarly, doctors who have more than one marginalized identity also faced greater barriers and discrimination. For example, Diana Cejas, who is a Black and Latina disabled physician has said in an interview:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“For a lot of physicians of color, and trainees and medical students, the bar is so high. We have to be perfect. People already expect that you don’t know what you know, they expect you only got in for affirmative action. So you’re having to prove you can do the work, you’re intelligent, you know what you’re saying and doing.” &lt;/strong&gt;(Lu, 2021)&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;This shows that even though there are systems in place to support and forward the rights of people who are marginalized such as affirmative action, intersecting marginalized identities can make it extremely difficult to access these systems holistically. Another example of such an instance can be seen in the tweets of Black disabled doctor Justin Bollock who is an Internal Medicine Resident and lives with bi-polar disorder. Talking about the Physician Well Being Committee/Fitness for Duty Process(FFD)which is supposed to be in place to support doctors, they had to say the following about it:&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Lu, W. (2021, July 22). Disabled Doctors Were Called Too ‘Weak’ To Be In Medicine. It’s Hurting The Entire System. From Huffpost: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/disabled-doctors-medicine-ableism_n_60f86967e4b0ca689fa560dc &#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Mahvish Nazar </text>
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                <text>&lt;blockquote class="twitter-tweet"&gt;&#13;
&lt;p lang="en" dir="ltr"&gt;Update re: Physician Well Being Committee/Fitness for Duty Process(FFD)! Some powers that be thought they were sending me to get support; institution now seems to acknowledge that that was NOT the case and is trying to improve that for others...A THREAD/1&lt;a href="https://t.co/uhj5lLdan4"&gt;https://t.co/uhj5lLdan4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
— Justin Bullock (@jbullockruns) &lt;a href="https://twitter.com/jbullockruns/status/1312196080960897024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"&gt;October 3, 2020&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p lang="en" dir="ltr"&gt;There have been lawyers involved (from the institution but not me). FFD is inherently a very legal process: one can lose their ability to practice medicine. An excessively intrusive evaluation ended where it began: I have active bipolar disorder. I am not a risk when I work. /2&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
— Justin Bullock (@jbullockruns) &lt;a href="https://twitter.com/jbullockruns/status/1312197206112231424?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"&gt;October 3, 2020&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p lang="en" dir="ltr"&gt;Despite this, I must have regular check ins with a faculty 'mentor', a case manager (whom I call my parole officer), I continue to meet with my own psychiatrist &amp;amp; therapist (as I was before all this). My institution was fixated on me doing a very specific type of therapy: DBT. /3&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
— Justin Bullock (@jbullockruns) &lt;a href="https://twitter.com/jbullockruns/status/1312197908897296384?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"&gt;October 3, 2020&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p lang="en" dir="ltr"&gt;I asked what would happen if I did not sign the contract of agreement. I was told by a co-chair of the committee I could not work. The institution has confirmed that statement was NOT true. Once I am determined to be safe &amp;amp; patients are safe, I could've worked sans contract. /4&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
— Justin Bullock (@jbullockruns) &lt;a href="https://twitter.com/jbullockruns/status/1312199085294673920?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw"&gt;October 3, 2020&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
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                <text>Wendy Lu, Justin Bollock</text>
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                  <text>When medical students and doctors with disabilities do make it to workplaces after jumping through various hoops and democratic processes, they find themsleves facing attitudinal barriers from their colleagues and other personel which makes it difficult for them to achieve maximum integration into their environment and impede theire success in the workplace and beyond. The artifacts included in this collection illuminate these barriers succintly.</text>
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                  <text>Mahvish Nazar </text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;One of the reasons why disabled medical students and doctors have failed to gain complete access to their environments is attitudinal barriers. These attitudinal barriers either fall under the presumption that doctors cannot be disabled or that if they are asking for accommodations, they are taking advantage of services they do not actually need. This can be seen in the following interviews conducted with disabled doctors:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I think attitudinal for me is always the hardest [barrier] to overcome, because it’s the one that you have the least control over, if that makes sense. You can’t really control other people’s unconscious bias.... It’s not just the people running the school. It’s patients. It’s nurses. I had a lot of that. I had a nurse in the emergency room be like, “Why are you playing in that wheelchair?” I was like, “What are you talking about?” She was like, “Whose wheelchair did you take?” and I was like, “It’s mine.” She was like, “But you’re a doctor,” and I was like, “Yes. Yes, and you’re a nurse.” To have a nurse still have that attitude is very frustrating. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;— Student discussing unconscious bias among colleagues in the clinic &lt;/strong&gt;(Meeks &amp;amp; Jain, 2018)&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Talking about disabled physician Diana Cejas, Wendy Lu of Huffpost says:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When she asked for dictation software to help her with note-taking, which she often spent hours into the night catching up on, an administrator brushed her off and told her she just needed to work harder. She learned that some of her colleagues — even those who knew what she’d just gone through — were gossiping behind her back and assumed that she just wanted special treatment, even when she had to leave work to get follow-up scans and bloodwork. &lt;/strong&gt;(Lu, 2021)&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Wendy Lu, Lisa Meeks, Neera Jain</text>
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                <text>Lu, W. (2021, July 22). Disabled Doctors Were Called Too ‘Weak’ To Be In Medicine. It’s Hurting The Entire System. From Huffpost: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/disabled-doctors-medicine-ableism_n_60f86967e4b0ca689fa560dc &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Meeks, L., &amp;amp; Jain, N. (2018). Accessibility, Inclusion and Action in Medical Education: Lived Experiences of Learners and Physicians With Disabilities . Association of American Medical Colleges.</text>
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